Tuesday, October 6, 2020 04:56

Communist Review - Synergy promotion does not mean the simple addition of forces and resources, but a science and art in utilizing the Party's power while taking into account particular historical conditions. The victory of the Vietnamese revolution over the past 90 years has always been associated with the Party's sound and creative revolutionary policies and methods, including that of promoting synergy.

After determining right revolutionary objectives and missions, revolutionary methods play a decisive role in the efficiency of mobilizing and gathering forces, distributing forces, coordinating fronts, fields and capabilities, taking advantage of opportunities, as well as driving back risks and challenges. Sound revolutionary methods will optimize mission implementation and realize revolutionary goals. Leading a revolution in unusual and complex situations, a party should attach importance to leadership methods in order to make suitable decision and effectively respond to hazards, reverse situations and turn challenges into opportunities.  

Revolutionary methods are ways of effective guideline organization and implementation, mental products of leadership, and outcomes of objective requirements, which are determined by specific historical conditions. Ignoring objective conditions and diverging from identified strategic objectives and missions give rise to revolutionary methods of subjectivism, voluntarism and without creativity and effectiveness in practice. Methodological mistakes can cause great losses, putting revolutionary forces in difficulty, missing development opportunities, and even encountering temporary failures.

Numerous revolutionary methods have been effectively used by the Communist Party of Vietnam in revolutionary practice; in which, the method of promoting synergy needs to be summarized and studied more comprehensively and deeply.

The method of promoting synergy originates from the requirement to consider things or phenomena by not only looking at isolated elements, but placing them in the complex of dialectic relationships. One should base on such complex picture to find out the strengths to be promoted and weaknesses to be minimized in order to create synergy. The method of promoting synergy is also derived from the specific conditions of the Vietnamese revolution, in which the local forces have always faced enemies who are much stronger in material and technical strength, but weaker in political - spiritual one. At first, our forces often encountered material and technical weaknesses, but had advantages in political - spiritual strength. Therefore, the revolution can only be won once the leading party knows how to promote its strengths, gradually overcome its own weaknesses, as well as best exploit the enemy’s weaknesses and overcome its strengths. Both theories and practices prove that any confrontation, whether it is a turbulent war or a peaceful competition, is a comprehensive test of economic - physical and political - spiritual strengths, both national forces and the ability to gather international forces, “hard” and “soft” power. Only basing on synergy promotion can we create the capacity superiority, which each individual element cannot generate.

Synergy based on promoting political - spiritual strengths as well as material - technical strengths

In the revolutionary war and defence of the Fatherland, synergy is the combination of political - spiritual strengths and material - weapon strengths.   In the relationship between political - spiritual strengths and material - weapon strengths, the Party determines that political - spiritual strengths play a decisive role, from choosing methods and modes to conduct a struggle to utilizing technical weapons and equipment. Therefore, since the establishment of the “Vietnam Propaganda Liberation Army” our outstanding leader Hồ Chí Minh emphasized “politics are more important than military”, “dissemination is more important than combat”. In confrontation with enemies who were much stronger than us in materials - techniques - weapons in the twentieth century, the Vietnamese people all won thanks to the Party’s capability of promoting synergy, and well combining political - spiritual strengths and material - weapon strengths. The promoted synergy of both political - spiritual strengths and material - weapon strengths also reveals the enemy’s weaknesses, especially the futility of an aggressive war. The longer the war is, the more disadvantageous the enemy becomes and its physical and technical strengths cannot be brought into full play. On the contrary, Vietnam launched a long-term resistance, which nurtured and promoted the political and spiritual dynamics, gave the local forces more time to overcome their weaknesses of materials and weapons, gradually reversing the balance of power in the battlefield, advancing to decisive victory, then complete victory. The method of promoting synergy continues to be treasured by the Party in the cause of national defence, through determining political - spiritual strengths as a decisive factor. Basing on sound political policies, people can act rightfully, use weapons properly for the defence of the Fatherland, and determine appropriate, smart and creative tactics and strategies. Only basing on a peaceful and self-defence, which heightens the righteousness of the cause of national defence, can it bring into full play the qualities and capabilities of human, especially the value of cultural system and Vietnamese people which have been formed through thousands of years.

At the same time, the Party also attaches great importance to the role of weapons - technologies, especially in high-tech war conditions; however, the correct and efficient use of weapons always requires master minds in both strategic and tactical levels, from creating necessary deterrence to being ready to defeat every hostile force’s aggressive action.

In national construction, synergy is to promote economic - material strengths and cultural - spiritual strengths. From the point of view of dialectical materialism, since embarking on building a post-colonial period country, the Party determined to focus on economic development in order to bring a prosperous, free and happy life for the people and building material and technical foundations for socialism. The implementation of socialist industrialization and modernization has no other purposes than to develop production forces, transform the economic structure, produce material and wealth to meet the increasing demands of people, increase defense-security potentials, build material and technical foundations for socialism... In line with economic development, the Party pays great attention to cultural development, improving the spiritual life of the people. Entering the Doi moi (Renewal) period, the Party determined that economic innovation is the central task, party building is the key task, and culture is the spiritual foundation of the society. Economic development becoming a central task is not only a situational solution to overcome the shortage of goods and the decline in production, but also to assert its fundamental role. Only by maintaining and promoting economic growth, can the Party effectively solve the issues of unemployment, implement social policies, improve the people’s cultural and spiritual life and obtain the potential to enhance defence - security strength. Despite the fact that economic growth does not always mean social justice, cultural and spiritual life improvement for the people, it depends on correct, progressive and humanistic political views which are consistent in resolving the dialectic relationship between economy and politics, between economic development and socio-cultural development. While focusing on economic growth, the Party also pays great attention to distributing economic outcomes to improve the people’s cultural - spiritual enjoyment levels. The more the market economy develops, the more necessary it is to promote the role of cultural - spiritual factor, which not only bears social welfare meaning, but also serves as a driving force for sustainable development, promoting the transformation of growth model based on promoting cultural resources, especially focusing on the innovation and development of cultural industry, and “capitalizing” knowledge values. It is also important to focus on unleashing cultural - spiritual dynamics, such as patriotism, desire for dedication, self-sacrificing, uprightness, upholding human honor and dignity, etc. to better supplement and develop economic - material motivation. On the international level, cultural resources also help increase “soft power”, contributing to intensifying the nation’s aggregate strength.

Synergy based on the promotion of national and era strengths, domestic and international strengths

In the liberation war or the cause of national construction and development, any political force that wants to win victory must bring into full play both national and era strengths, domestic and international strengths. Only when the national strength, including political - mental strengths and economic - material strengths, is maximized, can the international strength be effectively utilized. When the international strength is wisely used to serve the sound revolutionary objectives and policies, it can make the most of the advantages and minimize the adverse effects, especially best resolving the relationship between taking advantage of outside assistance and maintaining independence and autonomy.

During the national liberation revolution, the Party made the best use of the national and era strengths as well as domestic and international ones to create a synergy to conquer the most powerful empires in the twentieth century. Domestic strength was formed from the independence, autonomy and creativity guidelines led by the Party and Uncle Ho; the strength of great national unity bloc with the ability to mobilize human strength and wealth at the highest level to serve the revolutionary struggle; the strength of Vietnamese patriotism, the will, the determination to fight and win for national independence and freedom, for human conscience and dignity. It is the domestic strength that becomes the decisive factor to effectively take advantage of the era strength, the support and assistance from socialist countries, from global national liberation movements, and from advanced forces. Material, political and spiritual support of the socialist countries have become a fulcrum, an important source of strength, contributing to helping our nation gain victory in the wars against French colonialism and American imperialism. The political - spiritual support of the communist parties and workers, progressive humanity, especially the protests against war of aggression spreading around the world, bringing “war” into the heart of our invaders, internationalizing the meaninglessness of wars of aggression. Vietnam became the center of the era struggle between the righteous and the wicked, between righteousness and evil, and between progress and regression. The Party's method of promoting synergy transformed international strength into domestic strength, contributing to winning victories over invaders.

In the leadership of the national cause of renewal, the method of combining national strength and era power has been used more flexibly and creatively by the Communist Party of Vietnam. The development of the multi-component commodity economy as well as the liberation of production power has aroused and brought into play the strength of all social classes participating in economic development that had previously been obscured by the mechanism of central planning and subsidies. Stable political system with institutional system, law, policy, organizational apparatus, staff,...etc. being gradually reformed and improved has created an environment that not only liberates domestic production power, but also attracts foreign investment, enabling the country's economy to deeply integrate into the world economy. National cultural identity, patriotism, human value system of Vietnam, and quality of human resources are considered as decisive factors to enhance the country's internal resources, creating “reciprocal capital” to effectively attract, absorb and exploit international resources. The foreign policy of independence, autonomy, diversification and multi-lateralization has facilitated Vietnam to better promote external resources, especially in attracting investment capital, technology, management experience, high-quality human resources...etc. from developed countries. External resources compensate for the shortage of domestic resources, better promote local resources which are still in the form of “potential”, not yet turned into “dynamic” or “capitalized”, such as labor, land, natural resources... In international economic integration, the Party determines that domestic resources play a decisive role, but external resources are important. The decisiveness of domestic resources is reflected in the policy of independence and self-control, which is institutionalized into laws, strategies and plans to effectively guide and use external resources in accordance with the set goals, avoiding the risk of being dependent on other countries (in terms of capital, market...). Law and policy reforms should be carried out first in order to create an inviting and secured environment for foreign enterprises to invest and do business in Vietnam; establishing technical barriers to protect domestic production and market; identifying a reasonable roadmap for integration so that domestic enterprises have conditions to innovate, restructure, and improve their competitiveness. In addition, a strong and highly competitive force of domestic enterprises with all economic sectors should be established for an independent and autonomous economy.

In the cause of defending the socialist Motherland and defending the country's strategic interests in the spirit of independence and autonomy, Vietnam advocates not joining any military alliance, not affiliating with any country to oppose others, preventing any foreign countries from setting up military bases and using Vietnamese territory to oppose other countries, not using force or threatening to use force in international relations. The inner strength is the power of the social and political regime, the great national unity bloc; the power of the entire people's national defense, taking the people's army and people's police as the core; the just power of the cause of national defense, self-defence, being persevering and resolute to resolve all disputes and disagreements through peaceful means on the basis of international law; the power of political - spiritual power and the cultural identity of Vietnam; the economic power maintained by a high growth rate; the power of modernized weapons equipment. International strength is highly promoted when we stand on a righteous stance, based on international law, in accordance with the common values recognized by mankind such as: protecting independence, sovereignty, integrity territory, strategic interests of the nation - nationals in accordance with international law; protecting freedom and safety of navigation and over-flight; protecting peace in the region and in the world, against the use of force and the threat of force use; expanding cooperation with other countries on the basis of respect for each other's independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity as well as basic principles of international law, mutual benefits, for the mutual benefit of the region and international community. The struggle to protect the country's independence, sovereignty and strategic interests is closely linked to the struggle to protect the norms of international law, including the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS 1982). Therefore, Vietnam's point of view has received wide support from the international community, tempering the Party’s will power in the struggle for righteousness, exposing the wrongdoings of any force that conspires and acts in violation of Vietnam's sovereignty and strategic interests recognized by international law. Such righteousness will be transformed into material, political - spiritual support to strengthen the national defense, modernize the people's armed forces, and improve the self-defence capabilities of the country. In such case, both national and era strengths are promoted to create a synergy to prevent war and protect peace, independence, sovereignty, entire territorial integrity and strategic interests of the country in accordance with international law.

Synergy based on the core role of workers, peasants, and intellectuals as well as the promotion of the great national unity bloc’s strength

Promoting the strength of the coalition between workers, peasants, and intellectuals and expanding the great bloc of national unity are a very basic issue of promoting the synergy of nation and nationals. The bloc of great national unity is only expanded to the greatest extent when the power of workers, peasants and intellectuals is encouraged and aroused to play a real core role. The more the great unity bloc of the whole nation is expanded, the greater the strength of the coalition between workers, peasants and intellectuals should be, otherwise it will fall into “universalism”, being lack of a core force for building a great national unity block.

In the national liberation revolution, the Party determined that worker - peasant - intellectual were the driving force of the revolution, concurrently striving to expand the great bloc of national unity regardless of classes, as long as they have the patriotic spirit and determine to fight against imperialist invasion to gain national independence. In order to consolidate, strengthen and promote the role of workers, peasants and intellectuals, the Party introduced suitable fighting slogans, such as increasing wages, reducing working hours, redistributing public fields, reducing rents, taxes...etc. When the government was established, the Party promoted the fight against “the enemy of hunger”, “the enemy of ignorance”, and exercised democratic freedoms to unleash the power of workers, peasants, and intellectuals who had suffered various disadvantages under oppressive yoke of colonialism and feudalism. When the time was ripe, the Party conducted land reform and passed land ownership to farmers. Along with the need to further consolidate the worker - peasant - intellectual alliance, the Party attached special importance to expanding the block of great national unity, establishing the National United Front at times to meet revolutionary requirements. The common denominator for building the block of great unity of the entire people and promoting the strength of the entire nation was to expel the colonial empire, liberating the nation, unifying the Fatherland and building a mighty Vietnam. Thanks to these factors, the great national unity bloc was expanded and firmly built, taking the Party as the leading nucleus, and the worker - peasant - intellectual alliance as the core.

In the national liberation revolution, the Party determined that worker - peasant - intellectual were the driving force of the revolution, concurrently striving to expand the great bloc of national unity regardless of classes, as long as they have the patriotic spirit and determine to fight against imperialist invasion to gain national independence. In order to consolidate, strengthen and promote the role of workers, peasants and intellectuals, the Party introduced suitable fighting slogans, such as increasing wages, reducing working hours, redistributing public fields, reducing rents, taxes...etc. When the government was established, the Party promoted the fight against “the enemy of hunger”, “the enemy of ignorance”, and exercised democratic freedoms to unleash the power of workers, peasants, and intellectuals who had suffered various disadvantages under oppressive yoke of colonialism and feudalism. When the time was ripe, the Party conducted land reform and passed land ownership to farmers. Along with the need to further consolidate the worker - peasant - intellectual alliance, the Party attached special importance to expanding the block of great national unity, establishing the National United Front at times to meet revolutionary requirements. The common denominator for building the block of great unity of the entire people and promoting the strength of the entire nation was to expel the colonial empire, liberating the nation, unifying the Fatherland and building a mighty Vietnam. Thanks to these factors, the great national unity bloc was expanded and firmly built, taking the Party as the leading nucleus, and the worker - peasant - intellectual alliance as the core.

In the period of national construction, the Party attached great importance to the interests of workers, peasants and intellectuals. The Party’s guidelines on developing the socialist-oriented market economy include unleashing all potentials and strengths of workers, peasants and intellectuals while respecting their rights and interests; paying attention to labor distribution; enabling workers to opt for workplaces and employment in accordance with the market trend so as to best promote their inherent capabilities; empowering peasants to own and use land, intellectuals to work, create, and engage in social supervision and criticism, with their copyrights and intellectual property rights safeguarded. That mechanism has better accelerated the activeness of employees, peasants and intellectuals, ensuring that those who are more competent and make more contributions deserve higher income. The market economy, however, has led to the shortage of jobs, unstable income, cost-price squeeze on agricultural products, narrowed cultivated areas and natural disaster risks, etc. In order to surmount these hardships, the Party and State have carried out various policies of ensuring social security and improving social welfare such as accelerating sustainable employment, safeguarding workers’ interests from employers (working time and environment, remuneration regimes, social insurance, company welfare, labor union rights, etc.); improving peasants’ wellbeing on the basis of transition to modern agriculture and civilized rural areas; protecting intellectual property rights and respecting intellectuals’ academic freedom, etc. Taking good care of the interests of workers, peasants and intellectuals, the Party has set much store by building up a great national unity such as establishing free fair business policies and mechanisms for entrepreneurs to bring into play their own capabilities; considering overseas Vietnamese to be an inseparable part of the block; formulating policies on citizen protection; fostering their internal investment; paying attention to uniting religious people and ethnic minorities, etc. The common formula for uniting and gathering all classes and strata is striving to build an equitable, democratic and civilized society with a prosperous people and mighty country. The stronger the great national unity bloc is, the more the interests of workers, peasants and intellectuals are taken good care of. The cooperation of the worker-peasant-intellectual alliance with entrepreneurs has been practiced in harmonious and efficient manner in accordance with the market mechanism, minimizing communal conflicts such as the four-innovator- model (the State, peasants, scientists and entrepreneurs) or the capital contribution model of intellectuals with the value of their intellectual property rights. Entrepreneurs have been playing a pivotal role in national development; the private economic sector has served as the driving force (together with the State economic sector and the collective economic sector) to construct an independent and self-reliant economy. Numerous polices for workers, peasants and intellectual have been indirectly implemented by the Party and State through policy and law intervention to regulate enterprises’ behavior in the market mechanism such as guaranteeing minimum wages, insurance for workers; strengthening company welfare or linking enterprises with cooperatives and peasants in the market economy, contributing to help the peasants escape from the “small-scale production trap”.

Synergy based on strengthening the roles of political and armed forces, political and armed struggles, as well as combining resources, advantages and opportunities

The victory of August Revolution in 1945 is due to the usage of the decisive role of political forces and violence while armed forces and violence plays a pivotal part in assisting political forces and struggles. In the resistance wars against the French colonialists and the American imperialists, though armed struggles were paid better attention to and armed forces were more and more strengthened, political forces and struggles still played a key role. Dien Bien Phu battle is known as a challenge to synergy to both sides, in which the direct confrontation was the power of armed forces. As a result, the Vietnam People’s Army, the Vietnamese nation and people pulled off the victory, which forced the French to sit at the negotiating table and sign the Geneva Agreement. The resistance war against the French colonialists ended as a result of political and diplomatic measures supported by the military power with Dien Bien Phu victory. The triumph of the resistance war against the American imperialists liberating the Southern Vietnam and reunifying the country was scored by the strength of armed forces and the 1975 Spring General Offensive and Uprising with Ho Chi Minh Campaign as the pinnacle, combined with the uprising of the masses. To clinch the 1975 Great Victory, the struggle of Vietnamese people was waged with the motto: fighting the enemy with “two legs” (political and armed forces), “three directions” (political, military and military-proselyting struggles), “three strategic regions” (rural, mountainous and urban areas). The struggle combined military and diplomatic acts at the ripe time. Political struggles were aimed to safeguard people from the enemy’s oppression campaigns in which people were coerced, forced to be coolies and conscripted into the army; to unmask the nature of the neo-colonialism in Southern Vietnam; to assert the justification of the revolutionary government; and to lay a foundation for the building and consolidation of the people’s armed forces.  At the turning points of the revolution, political struggles took place in diverse forms such as “general uprising” and “revolt”, cleverly combined with armed struggles.  Following military assaults, political and legal struggles forced the US to deescalate, withdraw troops and sign the Paris Agreement, and restored peace, independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of Vietnam. Armed struggles in the resistance war against the American imperialists were intensified, particularly after 1959. They were combined with political and diplomatic ones to generate synergy to defeat the enemy. 

When peace was restored and the country was reunified, Vietnam embarked upon a new development phase with two strategic tasks, namely building and safeguarding the socialist Fatherland. The Party determined to build the all-people national defence and people security with the People’s Army and People’s Public Security being the core. The strong all-people national defence is ensured by the “people’s heart and mind posture”, the policy of “safeguarding the country even when it’s not at risk”; all aimed at building sufficient resistance to all conspiracies, tricks and acts of sabotage by hostile forces, which serves as the basis for building 3-type armed forces and strong mobilization reserve forces. The Vietnam People’s Army is constructed in an “elite and increasingly modern” direction, making it mighty enough and ready to defeat all enemies, which lays the foundation for the construction and consolidation of political forces. In the peace time, armed forces play a core role in maintaining socio-political stability and soon eliminating factors threatening national security from the inside, forming the basis for building and strengthening forceful political bases. Economic security, political security, cultural security and cyber security are burning fronts, resulting in socio-political upheavals if risks are not rooted out. Therefore, the people’s police force plays a pivotal role in guaranteeing security, safety and socio-political stability. Synergy of the great national unity bloc is forcefully intensified, forming a social basis for building a pure and powerful Party and political system, establishing a firm “people’s heart and mind posture” for the all-people national defence and people’s public security.

The scientific and ingenious combination of “resources, advantages and opportunities” has brought into full play the Party’s special synergy. In the national liberation revolution, “resources” served as the synergy of all forces and resources mobilized at the highest level. However, “resources” were utilized in the most advantageous way, making the best use of opportunities (including both generating and seizing them to win the final victory. Similarly, “resources” now cover both material and mental synergy, transformation capability to create more influential synergy. “Advantages” are gained from the use of converged resources being sufficiently capable of resolving strategic breakthroughs without any dispersal. “Advantages” are known as the position of Vietnam with great focus laid on building the national defence, struggles for independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity, national strategic interests in accordance with international laws. Also, there exists an interlocking advantage, in which the interests of Vietnam are joined with the shared regional and international interests. This interlocking advantage enables Vietnam to maintain persistence and determination to struggle against “enemies” to sustain independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and national strategic interests corresponding to international laws but still ensure good relationships, established cooperative relationships without losing the advantage of the revolution. In relation to “opportunities”, in spite of complex and unpredictable changes in the world, the common interests and values that human beings pursue such as peace, the safety and freedom of navigation and aviation, and justice of international laws are worldwide advocated. “Opportunities” are also relevant to the era when cooperation remains the mainstream trend; interdependence among countries has been closely tied; the world is no more separated into single blocs. Thus, the Party always seeks to take advantage of and foster comprehensive cooperation.

Synergy based on the promotion of potentials and strengths of all strategic zones and the combination of the power of “visible and invisible hands”

In the national salvation war, thanks to attaching importance to strategic zones, the Party established and distributed revolutionary forces nationwide, struggling from rural, mountainous areas and plain to urban, marine areas and islands. In the early days of the revolutionary force construction, in order to bring into full play the core role of employees, peasants and intellectuals, the Party paid special attention to factories, enterprises and mines in urban areas, industrial zones and large-scale rural areas. When preparing for armed insurrections or waging revolutionary war, the Party attached significance to the building of revolutionary bases and war zones in key mountainous areas and ethnic minorities, then expanded to urban areas, which was contingent upon the development momentum of the revolutionary forces; getting ready for general insurrections or combining general offensives with uprisings. Marine traffic was highly intensified in transporting international aid cargo, humans and wealth from the North to the Southern battlefield with the legendary Ho Chi Minh Sea Trail. Outposts on islands played an extremely important role in safeguarding the Fatherland, hindering enemy’s access from offshore and staying alert to enemy’s air attacks.

In the period of national construction along the socialist line, the Communist Party of Vietnam attached great value to planning and investing on balanced development in strategic regions, carrying out policies on the redistribution of labour from lowland to mountainous areas, rationally exploiting urban potential strengths of urban, lowland, mountainous areas and islands, aiming at socio-economic development as well as national defence and security. Unlike other countries that prioritize urban rather than rural areas and generate growth motivation for lowland rather than mountainous areas, the Communist Party of Vietnam adopted a balanced development approach so as to bring into full play the strength of all regions, creating interdependence, synergy and mutual development. Accordingly, the disparity of development levels among regions during the application of market mechanism was under control, national resources were paid special attention to and national solidarity was consolidated.

Regarding the application of the market mechanism, combining the power of “visible hand” (the State) with “invisible hand” (the market) is a judicious method. While numerous countries convert the absolute role of the State into the absolute role of the market and privatize the economy, which produces developmental consequences and social injustice, the Party from the beginning has dialectical viewpoints on evaluating the roles and defects of the market, recognizing the strengths and limitations of the State, which requires proper application. The innovation process enables Vietnam to be adequately aware of the key role of the market in mobilizing and distributing resources. Therefore, the resources are efficiently used and the productivity is improved, making contributions to economic growth and resolving social issues. Simultaneously, the Party always affirms that the market economy is only socialist oriented when there exists the State’s management role is promoted with the State economy and implementation of progressive social policies are highlighted. State resources are not subjectively allocated; instead they are distributed according to strategies, schemes, planning and application of the market mechanism, and using efficiency as a measure. State limited resources need to be supplemented with social resources through the regulation of “invisible hand” (the market) and the role of social organizations should be fostered. Combining the strength of “invisible hand” and “visible hand” enables us to accelerate economic growth at a relatively high rate for over thirty years of innovation and guarantee social progress and justice. 

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One of the important attributes of synergy is emergence which does not exist in each constituent element. Emergence generates new competence, power and capacities for the Vietnamese Revolution, and new qualitative changes in force correlation as well. Emergence is created when following relations are well cultivated: the combination of the national strength with the power of the times; the power of the employee-peasant-intellectuals alliance with that of the great national unity bloc; material with mental strength, the strength of political forces with that of armed forces; political with armed struggles; the power of resources, advantages and opportunities, potentials with that of different regions, the power of “visible hand” with that of “invisible hand”. Newly-generated capacities from emergence serve as the national synergy on the basis of supplementation, interaction among forces, resources, advantages and resources, aimed at surmounting the shortcomings while intensifying and multiplying strengths; fostering transformation with new quality to generate dominant power for the revolution such as from mental to material strength, from external to internal strength, from quantity to quality, thereby formulating a new position and vantage point for the revolution; utilizing “advantages” to restrict and control “resources”;  generating capacities to absorb and exploit other resources with higher added value; guaranteeing concentration and convergence of necessary strength to create opportunities  and strategic breakthroughs, opening a new chapter and marking a turning point for development. The leadership of the Party is the decisive factor ensuring every single power to be integrated to form synergy which is brought into full play in order to realize goals and deal with specific situations posed in specific spaces, times and conditions./.

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Source: Communist Review, No. 935 (2-2020)